Following in the footsteps of the pioneering works of Jack Yeager, Nathalie Huynh Chau Nguyen, and Karl Britto, my dissertation focuses on present-day Vietnamese writers writing in French and addresses the conflicted ways in which these writers relate to Vietnam and to their postcolonial condition as "Francophone" writers. In order to account for the colonial impact of French culture and language on Vietnamese people, I first analyze colonial and postcolonial novels and argue that even if Vietnamese authors from the 1930s until the 1980s started forging a literature of resistance in French, they still used colonial motifs to represent Vietnamese culture. In my second chapter, I introduce contemporary writers, Kim Thuy, Kim Lefevre, Anna Moi and Linda Le and build a threefold theoretical framework based on Mikhail Bakhtine's concept of heteroglossia and James Gee's sociolinguistics theory of literacy. I contend that these authors' use of French mediates their access to a multidimensional space, blurring borders of cultural and linguistic identity. Elaborating on multiple sub-identities, I then analyze the works of the novelist Linda Le, which exemplify the heteroglossic and carnivalesque novelistic language, which Bakhtin analyzed in The Dialogic Imagination. I argue that her use of dialogism allows her to challenge social norms and give an aesthetic form to the experience of writing in exile. Finally, in my fourth chapter, I demonstrate the ways in which Anna Moi reconstructs Vietnam's colonial history, manipulates the figure of the ethnic Other, and performs hybrid forms of linguistic and artistic expression in order to oppose social, cultural, and ethnic boundaries, and insert Vietnamese culture and people into a narrative escaping the constraints of colonial representations.